Uniforms of Italian soldiers, 14th century. The wear tunics in Siena brown with coats of arms of Saint Mark (gold lion on red field), over suits of armour. The soldier with the banner of the church (two keys on a red field) wears a white helmet decorated with silver. From a fresco by Spinello Aretino in the Palazzo Pubblico, Siena, depicting Pope Alexander III presenting the Doge of Venice with a sword to fight Frederick Barbarossa. Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from "Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries," Levy Fils, Paris, 1861.